ROOTS AND TUBER:
Roots and tubers are plants yielding starchy roots, tubers, rhizomes, corns and stems. They are used mainly for human food (as such or in processed form), for animal feed and for manufacturing starch, alcohols and fermented beverages include beer etc.
Also,
root is a compact, often enlarged storage organ with hairy stems that develop
from root tissue, while a tuber is a root crop yam, potatoes etc.
·
Stem
Tubers: These are
plants that produce their tubers from stem e.g. yam, Irish potatoes etc.
·
Root
Tubers: These are
roots which swell greatly and become tuberous e.g. carrots, sweet potatoes,
cassava etc.
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NUTRITIONAL VALUE OF TUBERS IN DIET
· The main nutrient supply by roots and tubers is dietary energy provide by carbohydrate.
· Roots and tubers are deficient of vitamins and minerals.
· Roots and tubers contain protein, Sulphur-containing amino acids.
· Cassava, sweet potatoes, yam contain some amount of vitamin C and A.
NUTRIENT COMPOSITION TABLE/ 100gm OF
SOME ROOTS AND TUBERS
|
Food
name |
Vit
A (mcg) |
Retinol
(mcg) |
B-carotene
equivalent |
Vit
D (mcg) |
Vit
E (mg) |
Thiamine
(mg) |
Riboflavin
(mg) |
Niacin
(mg) |
Vit
B5 (mg) |
Folate
(mcg) |
Vit
B12 (mcg) |
|
Yam
(white fresh) |
593.83 |
139.97 |
61.43 |
2.00 |
0.4 |
31.57 |
1.05 |
1.23 |
7.8 |
1.20 |
38.4 |
|
Cassava
(white fresh) |
1 |
0 |
8 |
0 |
0.19 |
0.087 |
0.048 |
0.854 |
0.088 |
27 |
0 |
|
Cocoyam
|
4 |
0 |
35 |
0 |
2.4 |
0.1 |
0.03 |
0.8 |
0.21 |
2.2 |
0 |
|
Potatoes
Irish |
1 |
0 |
12 |
0 |
0.06 |
0.07 |
0.03 |
1.3 |
0.27 |
14 |
0 |
|
Plantain
ripe |
45 |
0 |
35.9 |
0 |
0 |
0.045 |
0.052 |
0.76 |
0.76 |
0.24 |
0 |
