Diary
Milk has been used by humans since records began to provide a fresh, shelf-stable and nutritious food. It is consumed as pasteurized fresh whole milk, skimmed milk, or skimmed milk. However, most milk is processed into more stable dairy products for global trade, such as butter, cheese, dry milk, ice cream and condensed milk.
Cow's milk (bovine breed) is the most commonly used type of milk in the world. Other animals used for milk production are buffalo (India, China, Egypt, Philippines), goat (Mediterranean countries), reindeer (Northern Europe) and sheep (Southern Europe). This section focuses on milk and dairy processing unless otherwise noted. In general, the processing techniques described for cow's milk can be successfully applied to milk obtained from other species.
In the early 1800s, the average dairy cow produced less than 1,500 liters of milk per year. Thanks to advances in animal nutrition and selective breeding, cows now produce an average of 6,500 liters of milk per year, with some cows producing up to 10,000 liters. Holstein Friesian dairy cows produce the most milk, while other breeds such as Ayrshire, Brown Swiss, Guernsey and Jersey produce lower yields but are higher in fat, protein and total solids. known to provide.
What are dairy products?
A production facility for processing dairy products is called dairy or milk. Dairy products are generally defined as foods made from milk. They are abundant sources of energy. Raw milk for processing is usually obtained from cows, but can also be obtained from other mammals such as goats, sheep and buffaloes. The main component of milk is water (about 90%).
What Are The Nutritional Value Of Diary?
Alternatives such as dairy and calcium-enriched soy products are nutritious foods that benefit from being part of a nutritionally balanced diet that includes all five food groups:
- bread and cereals;
- vegetables and fruits;
- dairy products/alternatives;
- meat/poultry/fish/alternatives; and
- A little amount of fat and oil.
Food functions are specifically fulfilled by nutritionally important ingredients such as proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, minerals, vitamins and water. Milk is the preferred choice for most people. It provides 67 kcal and has a protein content of 3.2 grams per 100 milliliters.Milk proteins include casein (about 80%) and whey (about 20%). Whey is more nutritious than casein.
After the fat and casein have been removed from the milk, it is primarily composed of whey, which includes soluble milk salts, lactose, and residual milk protein.Whey protein is composed of many specialized proteins. The most important of these are beta-lactoglobulin (50% of whey) and lactoglobulin.
Milk protein has a high biological value, unlike the egg protein, it lacks sulfur-containing amino acids. Because the protein in milk has a balanced amino acid profile and good digestibility. , is the obvious choice when it comes to family nutrition. Casein in milk combines with calcium to form caseins. The high percentage of calcium and casein in cow's milk makes it more difficult to digest than breast milk. Some people cannot drink fresh milk because they are lactose intolerant, but they can drink sour milk because it is low in lactose.
Diary Nutrients
Milk and dairy products have a good balance of protein, fat and carbohydrates and are very important sources of essential nutrients such as:
- Riboflavin
- Rin
- Vitamin A and B12
- potassium
- magnesium
- zinc
- Iodine.
Dairy products also contain a balanced "high quality protein" that meets human needs. For example, eating milk (or yogurt) with grains can provide amino acids that grain products may lack.
Diary And Health
There are many myths about the negative health effects of milk. Altering your milk intake based on these myths could unnecessarily limit this highly nutritious drink.
Australians often limit dairy in an attempt to lose weight. Dairy products naturally contain fat, but there are also many products that are reduced in fat.
Dairy products such as milk, yogurt and cheese, especially low-fat products, are not harmful to health as part of a balanced and healthy diet. Research has revealed that:
Cardiovascular Health - Milk may help protect against stroke risk. According to the Heart Foundation, consuming whole milk, yogurt, and cheese as part of a healthy diet is unlikely to increase your risk of heart disease, unless you already have coronary artery disease or high cholesterol.
Osteoporosis – When milk and dairy products are eliminated from the diet, calcium can become deficient.This is especially a problem for women over the age of 50 who have high calcium needs. diseases that cause decline).
Colorectal cancer (also known as colon cancer) – According to the World Cancer Research Fund, people who eat one or more servings of dairy products (especially milk) a day have a lower risk of developing colon cancer.
Blood Pressure – Eating milk and dairy products has been shown to lower blood pressure. Also, combining low-fat dairy products with many fruits and vegetables lowers blood pressure, not just fruits and vegetables.
Type 2 Diabetes – Dairy products in general, and low-fat dairy products in particular, prevent the development of type 2 diabetes.
Flavored Diary
Milk is an important source of nutrition for children. A glass of milk with a small amount of flavor (such as a teaspoon of powdered chocolate) is a healthier option for children than other sugar-sweetened beverages such as soft drinks, flavored waters, fruit drinks and liqueurs. However, if you choose to give your child flavored milk, it should be done in moderation.
As children enter their teenage years, when they need the most calcium, they tend to consume less milk and drink soft drinks with added sugar.
Milk is a healthier alternative to soft drinks. It is worth encouraging teenagers to drink low-fat flavored milk every day. Water and milk are the best drinks for children and teenagers.
Diary And Tooth Decay
Milk and dairy products are said to prevent tooth decay. Eat cheese and other dairy products:
- Reduces oral acid (which causes tooth decay)
- stimulate the flow of saliva
- reduce plaque formation
- Reduces the incidence of tooth decay (caries).
Lactose Intolerance
Some Dairy Products Are Low In Lactose
- Cream cheeses such as cottage cheese and ricotta tend to be very low in lactose, so a little is usually fine. B. 3/4 cup.
- Fermented dairy products such as kefir, some yogurts, aged cheeses (cheddar, feta, mozzarella, etc.), and butter generally do not pose tolerance problems. (However, butter is high in saturated fat and not recommended for heart health.)
- Heated dairy products such as condensed milk appear to be more tolerable than uncooked foods as some of the lactose breaks down during the heating process.
Soy And Other Plant-based Milks As Alternatives
There are many plant-based dairy products and plant-based dairy products (puddings, cheeses, yogurts, etc.). These include soy, rice, oat, coconut, and nut milks such as almond and macadamia.
All of these "milks" are lactose-free and suitable for vegan eaters. It is important.
When choosing plant-based milks and dairy products over cow's milk and dairy products, be sure to choose products that are calcium-fortified and sugar-free.
Milk As Nigeria Recipe
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Milk is a common ingredient in many dishes and can be used in a variety of ways in cooking and baking. In Nigeria, it is traditionally made which includes:
- kunun aya (tiger nut milk)
- Kunu (millet milk)
- nono (soy milk) and koko (coconut milk).